Differentiating between a cold and allergies can ease respiratory issues in children

Differentiating between a cold and allergies can ease respiratory issues in children

As the cooler temperatures approach and the return of school looms, many parents find themselves bracing for the onset of the cold and flu season. In this article, we'll explore the differences between colds and seasonal allergies, along with some practical advice from Dr. Shaunah Ritter, D.O., a pediatric immunologist at Kentucky Children's Hospital and specialist in allergy treatments.

Dr. Ritter, who is affiliated with the University of Kentucky, emphasizes that both colds and allergies can share similar symptoms, such as a runny nose, coughing, and a sore throat. However, there are some key differences that can help parents distinguish between the two.

Colds, caused by viruses, tend to clear up within a few days. On the other hand, allergies, triggered by specific allergens like ragweed pollen, dust, and mold during the fall, can last for three or more weeks. Another distinguishing feature is the nature of the cough: colds often produce wet coughs with mucus, while coughs from allergies are usually dry.

Mucus from a cold is thicker and may have a yellow tinge, whereas nasal drainage from allergies is clear and watery. Fever and achiness are more likely to be associated with viruses rather than seasonal allergies.

Dr. Ritter advises parents to be vigilant about their children's symptoms. For persistent or worsening symptoms, she urges parents to contact their child's pediatrician immediately. In the meantime, there are over-the-counter (OTC) options available to alleviate mild headaches from sinus congestion related to allergies. OTC medications include anti-histamine medications and nasal steroid sprays such as fluticasone.

To minimize the spread and keep the family healthy, Dr. Ritter recommends washing hands frequently, disinfecting surfaces, and keeping the child out of school if they are contagious. It's also wise to keep a home remedy toolkit stocked with saline flush, ointments, humidifiers, and nonprescription medicines to ease coughs and congestion.

Children can develop secondary infections like walking pneumonia or ear infections from colds or allergies. If your child shows signs of a secondary infection, such as increased cough, fever, or difficulty breathing, it's crucial to seek medical attention promptly.

Seasonal allergies can also manifest in other symptoms, such as itchy and watery eyes, persistent sneezing, and skin irritation. For those suffering from allergies, it's essential to be aware of their triggers and to take precautions when they are present.

Dr. Ritter, at the University of Kentucky, specializes in allergy treatments using allergy skin testing at Kentucky Children's Hospital. She encourages parents to consult with their child's pediatrician if they have concerns about their child's allergies or if they would like to explore allergy testing options.

In conclusion, while the cold and flu season can be challenging for parents, understanding the differences between colds and allergies and being proactive in managing symptoms can help ensure a smoother journey for the whole family.

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